ADVERB OF FREQUENCY

Adverbs of Frequency

Dalam bahasa Inggris kita menggunakan adverb of frequency untuk menyatakan tingkat kebiasaan atau keseringan kita melakukan sesuatu hal.Adverb sendiri bermakna kata keterangan dan frequency berarti keseringan.Contoh kata adverb of frequency adalah always (selalu), usually (biasanya),normally/generally (secara umum), often/frequently (sering), sometimes(kadang-kadang), occasionally (adakalanya), seldom (jarang), hardly ever/rarely (hampir tidak pernah), dan never (tidak pernah). 

Frequency	Adverb of Frequency	Example Sentence
100%	always	Ali always goes to bed before 10pm.
90%	usually	I usually have breakfast before going to school
80%	normally / generally	I normally like to go climbing with my friends.
70%	often* / frequently	I often learn Arabic.
50%	sometimes	I sometimes forget my schedule.
30%	occasionally	I occasionally eat noodles,
10%	seldom	I seldom play game.
5%	hardly ever / rarely	I hardly ever get a red mark in the school.
0%	never	I never drink alcohol.

*Perhatikan cara pengucapan (pronunciation) dari kata often. Dalam British English (BrE) huruf 'T' disebutkan jadi diucap /ˈɒf. t   ə n/; sementara dalamAmerican English (AmE) huruf 'T' tidak disebutkan jadi diucap /ˈɑːf-ə n/ .

Posisi Adverb of Frequency

Setidaknya kita dapat membagi ke tiga bagian mengenai posisi adverb of frequency:

1. Posisi Adverb of Frequency sebelum kata kerja utama (main verb).

Contoh kata kerja utama (main verb) yaitu semua bentuk kata kerja yang menjadi kata kerja inti dalam sebuah kalimat (sentence).

Subject + adverb + main verb

He never forget to do his homework.

He normally gets good marks in exams.

2. Posisi Adverb of Frequency setelah kata to be.

Contoh to be yaitu: is, are, am, was, were.

Subject + to be + adverb

He is never glad to see me.

He isn't usually bad tempered.

3. Posisi adverb of Frequency setelah kata modal.

Contoh modal yaitu can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, dll.

Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb

He can sometimes beat me in a race.

He would hardly ever be unkind to someone.

He might never see me again.

He could occasionally be heard laughing.

PENGECUALIAN:

Ada beberapa kata dari adverb of frequency yang bisa terletak di awal kalimat. Contoh kata adverb of frequency yang bisa terletak di awal kalimat yaitu:usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally

• Usually, I drink milk before going to bed.
• Occasionally, I eat noodles.

Kata-kata adverb of frequency yang lain: always, seldom, rarely, hardly, ever, never tidak boleh kita gunakan di awal kalimat (sentence). 

Penggunaan hardly ever dan never tidak boleh dalam kata kerja yang negatif. Hardly ever dan never sudah masuk dalam kategori negtif sehingga dalam kalimat tidak perlu lagi menggunakan kata kerja negatif. Contoh:

• I hardly ever don't sing for public. (incorrect/salah)
• I hardly ever sing for public. (correct/benar)
• I never don't eat bacon. (false/salah)
• I never eat bacon. (true/betul)

Kecuali penggunaak kata ever (pernah), boleh kita gunakan dalam kalimat negatif dan pertanyaa (question).

Ada beberapa ungkapan (expression) yang juga dapat mengatakan seberapa sering kita melakukan sesuatu.

Contohnya: - every day - once a month - twice a year - four times a day - every other week.
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There are two additional ways to talk about the future in English: 

will/won’t and going to.

Use “going to” for plans and arrangements:

On my next vacation, I’m going to stay in a nice hotel in Paris.

She’s going to look for a new job after her current contract ends.

David’s going to meet me at the airport at 8:00.

We’re going to get married next July.

They’re going to visit Amy next week. They made plans to meet up 

on Monday.

Peter and Paul are going to share an apartment when they move to 

New York.

Note: You can also use the present continuous for the future in these cases.

On my next vacation, I’m staying at a nice hotel in Paris.

David’s meeting me at the airport at 8:00.

We’re getting married next July.

Use “will/won’t” for promises:

I‘ll send you an e-mail.

I won’t tell anyone your secret.

He‘ll pay you back tomorrow.

We won’t forget your birthday.

Use “will” for offers:

I‘ll buy you a drink.

My secretary will help you with the paperwork.

Use “will” for decisions made in that moment:

“Would you like potatoes or rice?”

“I‘ll have the rice.”

”Which shirt do you like?”

“Well, the red one is cheaper, but I prefer the color blue. I‘ll take the 

blue one.” 

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You can use either “will/won’t” or “going to” for predictions or general 

statements about the future:

My company‘s going to move its headquarters overseas next year.

My company will move its headquarters overseas next year.

Your wife will love those flowers – they’re beautiful!

Your wife’s going to love those flowers – they’re beautiful!

The economy isn’t going to improve much this year.

The economy won’t improve much this year.

He won’t pass the test. He hasn’t studied at all.

He’s not going to pass the test. He hasn’t studied at all.

Linking Words: Reasons and Results

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Linking words help you connect the ideas in a 

sentence. In this lesson, you’ll learn some 

common linking words to 

express reasons and results.

Linking Words: Reasons 

Use I think… will and I don’t think… will to express thoughts 

about the future.

Don’t use I think… won’t. (it doesn’t sound natural).

•  I think you won’t like this movie. It’s very violent.

•  I don’t think you’ll like this movie. It’s very violent.

Will/Won’t vs. Going to Quiz

Click here to take the quiz!

http://www.espressoenglish.net/grammar-in-use-willwont-vs-going-to#quiz

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Because / Because of

The difference between these two words is that because is followed by 

a subject + verb, and because of is followed by a noun:

•  The game was canceled because of the rain.

•  The game was canceled because it was raining.

Due to / Owing to

Due to and owing to are also followed by a noun. These words are a little 

more formal.

There’s a lot of traffic today due to the upcoming holiday.

(holiday = noun)

The after-school program was canceled owing to lack of interest from 

the students.

(lack = noun)

Due to the fact that / Owing to the fact that

Use these phrases before a subject + verb. Again, these phrases are a little 

more formal.

Many people are still unemployed due to the fact that the economic 

recovery has been slower than anticipated.

The publisher rejected the author’s latest work owing to the fact that 

the manuscript was full of errors.

Since / As

Since and as are more informal, and they are followed by a subject + 

verb.

•  I’m going to bed at 10 PM since I need to get up early tomorrow.

•  I didn’t go to the gym today, as I had a lot of homework to do.

Linking Words: Results

In spoken English, many people say ’cause as a short form of “because.” 

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Therefore / Consequently / As a result

These words are more formal, and are more commonly used in written 

English.

Our company’s profits have increased 150% in the past 

year. Therefore, we’re going to invest in new equipment and training 

programs.

The tennis player had knee surgery mid-October; consequently, she 

took the rest of the season off.

There have been heavy rains throughout the interior of the state. As a 

result, several areas have experienced flooding.

So

“So” is more informal, and more commonly used in spoken English.

We were hungry, so we stopped at a cafe for a snack.